Milestones from birth upto first six months of infant life

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Many developments take place from birth, to first six months of life. In the first one month, newborn is a neonate. Subsequently, the period upto one year of life, is infancy. Developments in this period are milestones in our journey. Many motor milestones in the first six months can be picked up from postage stamps. This helps us understand and guess age of an infant drawn on the postage stamp. This blog is all about philatelic listing of the motor milestones in the first six months.

Immediately after Birth

Hands in fists, Frequent cry, Makes jerky, quivering arm thrusts, Head flops backward if unsupported. Legs are curled up.

Australia, Letter (1997 cancellation)
Tanganyika (1961)
Japan (1990) Please note palmar grasp reflex, as neonate holds mother’s finger
Iceland (1990) on 100 years of midwifery. Note the cancellation, head of the newborn needs to be well supported
Australia (1984), mother and her newborn on the envelope cover
Upto 1 month – Neonate

A neonate can bring hands within range of eyes and mouth

Can move head from side to side while lying on stomach

Can see upto two feet, starts recognising mother

Guinee (1966)
Ireland (1977). Please note that head needs to be supported
Iran (2009)
Turkey (1966), Switzerland (1958)
From 1-2 months

Improves neck strength, can hold neck without support

Starts lifting the neck, especially to look at mother’s face.

Starts to bring hands and fingers upto the mouth. Will try to suck ones own fingers.

Burundi (1971). Note the infant is able to support the neck
Burkina Faso (1985)
India (1982), head rested on mothers shoulders
India (1987)
Luxembourg (2003). Child holds the mother’s hand and brings it to the mouth

First two months is also the time for beginning of social smile. Initially there may be random facial movements, but by six weeks the infant may have a real responsive smile.

India (1987) Polio immunisation
Nepal (1994) Polio drops
Bhutan (1979) infant in mother’s lap

While some immunisations are done at birth, 6, 10 and 12 weeks of life is time for most others in the universal immunisation series.

Ghana 1991
Postage stamp from Niue (1977). Note legs are straighter, neck well supported and in the background a group of mothers are giving infant a bath.
Third month

As the infant starts straightening its legs, it also begins to vigorously kick. Infant can quickly roll-over, and hence in many cultures child is placed from a lap, to inside the crib, or needs to be held carefully.

Argentina (1987)
Germany (1944) Note straightened legs and placed in a crib

This is the time that grasp begins to be more firm and definitive

France (1938). Note that the baby is in a crib, is smiling at the mother. A kick and a hand-grasp is noted in the second stamp.
France (1937)
Mauritius (1979)
Brazil (1947)
Germany (1978)
Romania (2018). The child can be held straight and attempts to grasp
Indonesia (1998)
Fourth month

By four months, the infant begins to have more control over their movements. They can lift their head up, with help of their hands. This tripod position, is a precursor to a crawl. This is also the time infants begin to explore objects using their hands and even mouth.

India (2013). The infant is lifting the head up, and soon will begin to crawl
Morocco (1987) Infant can support itself in a tripod position
Burundi (1971) Infant is exploring mothers face
Surinam (1998) infant begins to explore, beginning with the mother
Korea (2000) An infant being given polio drops
Libya (1976)An infant in mother’s lap peeps around

As the grasp improves, and children can hold objects and toys in their hands, bringing them to their mouth.

A set of stamps from Berbuda (1979). Note that the infant is able to hold small objects, toys, and a ball

As we grow we gain more motor control. It also becomes possible to bounce, and hold infants high. While this is an important milestone, infants need to be well supported.

Turkey (1961). Child lifted up by her mother
A set of stamps from UAE (1987). A child is now lifted up in first stamp

As the primary set of immunisations get completed, children at four months are playful, and all set to explore their surroundings.

Bophuthatswana (South Africa) 1985
Bophuthatswana (South Africa) 1985
Laos (1984)
Czechoslovakia (1954)
Cuba (1980)
India (1979)
Four to Six months

During this time, infants can sit-up and remain seated with support. They do-not flop in the front. They also learn to transfer objects from hand to hand, and turn and twist them. Now they also have a better balance in their trunk, head, and neck.

Czechoslovakia (1952)
India Cinderella stamp (1979)
Albania (1966)
Algeria (1985)

While infant is able to sit, their back still needs to be supported. First six months of life is also the period of exclusive breastfeeding. This means that other than medicines, or rehydration liquids, infants must receive mother’s milk.

Pakistan (1980)
Zambia (1985). Note the change from exclusive breast feeding to beyond six months when top feeds are introduced
Nicaragua (1987)
Zambia (1985) Note that the child can be supported to sit. Growth and nutrition is critical in this period
Netherlands (1979)
Germany (1973)

At six months infant is all ready to sit up and explore the world. In the coming months, infant will be able to sit unsupported produce more sounds and also understand them. Something for the next blog !!!

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